Calculating device.



UNITED STATES Patented May 5, 1903.

NPATENT OFFICE.

CALCULATING DEVICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 727,523, dated May 5, 1903.

Application filed November 29, 1901. Serial No. 83,999. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, WILLIAM T. WILLIAMS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of NewYork, Brooklyn borough,in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating Devices, which improvements are fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to improvements in devices of that class employed in the solving of arithmetic problems and commonly known as calculating devices, and its object is to provide a calculating device which shall be simple, inexpensive, and novel as regards construction, which shall be compact, durable in service, and capable of ready adjustment in a manner to clearly and in a sense instantly present to the mind of the user the result of various arithmetic problems as may be required by the user, and which shall possess certain well-defined advantages over prior analogous devices.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein similar reference-numerals denote like parts throughout the several views, and as to which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a calculating device constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a viewin perspective of said device, and in this View the movable elements of the device are shown as having been respectively moved out of the positions they occupy in Fig. l of the drawings and also moved relatively one with respect t0 the other. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary side elevation illustrating a somewhat-modified arrangement of the face of the dial which constitutes an element of my improved device. Fig. 4. is an edge view of the device, a portion of the dial thereof being broken away.

The invention consists in the employment of a dial and an index assembled in a manner that each shall be movable independently of the other and each having numerals arranged thereon, in certain combinations, and in certain details of construction, all of which will be specifically referred to hereinafter and set forth in the appended claims.

Having reference to the accompanying drawings, 2 denotes the dial of my improved calculating device, preferably circular in general contour and formed from any suit able material, as fibrous board, metal, or the like. This dial is provided with a section, as 3, concentric to the center of the dial 2 and located at any desired point as regards the radius of said dial. The section 3 is designed to contain a row of index-governing numerals, as indicated in the drawings. The dial 2 is further provided with a plurality of sections, as 4, having each therein a row of numerals, also as indicated in the drawings, and which latter numerals,together with those contained in the concentric section 3, will be more specifically referred to hereinafter.

5 represents the index of my improved calculating device, the same being formed from any suitable material, but thin metal by preference. The index 5 is mounted on the dial 2 in a manner that itself and said dial are movable one independently of the other and so that the said index may be brought into and out of registry with various radiating lines of the dial, and to this latter end'the index 5 is shown in the accompanying drawings as being loosely connected to the dial 2 at the axis of the latter and as by means of the pintle 6. The index 5 is provided along its exposed face with a row of numerals, as shown, and it will be seen by properly manipulating the index 5 or the dial 2 the row of numerals on the index may be brought into temporary registry with one of the plurality of' rows of numerals contained, one row in each of the sections 3, the latter rows of numerals being arranged with respect to the dial 2 in a manner to permit the attainment of this result. In this connection it will be observed that the row of numerals within the concentric section 3 enables the user to determine at what point he wishes to temporarily locate the index 5 for registry of the numerals carried by such index with the row of numerals within the section 3 located at such point.

Where it is desired to provide bot-h faces of the dial 2 each with a concentric section, as 3, and a plurality of sections, as 4., I forni the index 5 as by bending or shaping the same substantially upon itself, as at the point 7, so that it will comprise two opposing parallel members each having a row of numerals along its exposed face, and it will be adapted as a finished element of the device to straddle radially the dial 2, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4.

Vhere it is desired to attain a maximum capacity of the device as a Whole for calculating purposes and at the same time keep the dial 2 Within reasonable dimensions, particularly as regards the diameter thereof, I arrange the sections 4 substantially as illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings and provide the index with a double row of numerals adapted to be brought into operative registry each with one of the rows of numerals contained in two adjacent sections 4, and to accomplish this the index 5 is in practice moved with respect to the dial 2, say, to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 3 and is thus brought into registry with one of the sections 4, so that the numerals contained in said section will stand regularly over the said upper row of numerals on the index, and thereafter at the will of the user the index 5 is shifted along, as to the position indicated in dott-ed lines in Fig. 3, so .that its lower row of numerals will register with the numerals contained in the adjacent section 4 and will stand over the numerals contained in the latter section, or this operation maybe carried out in its reverse order.

In operation the user adjusts the parts so that the index will stand immediately under one of the numerals Within the concentric section 3, and which numeral, let it be assumed, he desires to add to one of the numerals on the index 5. Then the result will be indicated on the dial 2 immediately above said numeral on the index 5. For instance,

taking the parts as they appear in Fig. l of the drawings and assuming that the user desires to add the numeral l in the section 3 and immediately above the index to the numeral 8 on the index 5, and the result will be indicated on the dial 2 immediately above the numeral 8 and as 9. Again,

taking the parts as they appear in Fig. 3 of the drawings and assuming that the user desires to multiply the numeral 6 in the upper row of numerals on the index 5 by the numeral 7 in the concentric section 3, and the 5o result will be indicated on the dial 2 immediately Vabove the numeral 6 on the index and as 42.

It will thus be seen that Various arithmetic problems may be accordinglysolved by means of my improved device by simply suitably adjusting the dial 2 and index 5 one With respect to the other and accordingly consulting the numerals on the dial and on the index, it being` understood that the numerals on the dial have a suitable relative arrangement with respect to the numerals on theindex, or vice versa, to permit the result of an arithmetic problem being obtained, substantially as herein described.

It will be seen from the foregoing description of my improved device that the same may be modified to some extent, particularly as regards the number and arrangement of the sections 4 and as regards the construction of the index 5 and its mounting on the dial 2, also as regards the particular numerals with which the dial 2 and index 5 are respectively provided, Withcut materially departing from the spirit and principle of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

A calculating device comprising a disk having on one side a series of radially-disposed 8o numerals, and a circular row of index-governing numerals, the said last-named numerals being arranged in the radial lines of the first-named numerals, the opposite side of said disk having thereon a series of pairs ofv radially-disposed numerals, the lines of numerals of each pair being convergent from the inner end outward, and an index consisting of two connected members pivoted to the center of the disk and straddling said disk, the member at one side of the disk being provided with a single row of numerals, while the opposite mem beris provided with a double row of numerals.

WILLIAM T. WILLIAMS. Witnesses:

DINAH STANDER, M. DRING. 

